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Solar Energy
 
Solar Thermal Electricity
 
The United States generates much of its electricity with coal-fired power plants, continuously producing huge amounts of pollution. Those plants need to be closed down.
 
An alternative method for generating electricity is needed, at a scale that can replace those coal plants. The scale is important. Small-scale efforts are not enough to close those coal plants, because of insufficient output combined with market incrementalism creating incentives for waste. What is needed is to build large scale systems that produce more power and introduce large amounts of energy.
 
A group of scientists has written an article in the January 2008 issue of Scientific American magazine proposing large-scale solar energy generation that meets these needs, on land areas including where some of the coal mines and plants are now. The plan would close American coal plants, and create technologically suitable markets for solar energy hardware manufacturers, reducing pressure to impose hardware on less effective sectors.
 
Another method of generating solar electricity will be to use concentrator photovoltaics (CPV). That will produce more electricity at less cost than current residential-style photovoltaics, but not as much electricity as the large-scale solar thermal electric plants described on this page. The CPV systems will be installed on the roofs of commercial buildings.
 
Electricity will be generated by solar thermal concentrating collectors using reflectors to concentrate the solar energy on heat collectors to generate steam that drives turbines which generate electricity. The electricity will be transmitted with high voltage direct current, which is more efficient than alternating current in long distance transmission. These systems produce much more electricity than photovoltaics, at much lower cost.
 
Energy storage for night-time use can be with compressed air, as used in air-power automobiles, but at a much larger scale, storing the compressed air in unused underground mines and caverns for later use to power large-scale electricity generating power plants at night. Other types of temporal storage are also possible.
 
Links
 
NREL: Solar Thermal
 
NPR: Science Friday

Photo: NREL
 

 
“The expansion of wind energy, or photo-voltaic use could induce additional resource and energy flows if the energy market absorbs the additional amount of regenerated electricity instead of accordingly reducing energy from fossil fuels and nuclear power.”
—  Niko Paech, Directional Certainty in Sustainability-Oriented Innovation Management, in Innovations Towards Sustainability, Lehmann-Waffenschmidt ed., p. 122.
 
 
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Thursday, 28-Aug-2008 04:08:42 GMT